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James E. Birch (entrepreneur)
James E. Birch (November 30, 1827 – September 2015) was a stagecoach line entrepreneur, founder of the California Stage Company, the largest stage line in California in the 1850s; and in 1857 the San Antonio-San Diego Mail Line, the first transcontinental mail route in the United States.
Born in South Carolina, Birch gradually moved as a young man to Providence, Rhode Island, where he worked at a livery stable as a stagecoach driver. After getting engaged, in 1848 he left for California to make his fortune. In Sacramento, he decided to provide stagecoach services to miners, including mail to the various mining areas. That was the start of his business. He returned to marry in Massachusetts, and periodically returned to his family, as well as lobbying for business in the capital of Washington, DC. He died in the Atlantic Ocean after his ship went down from a hurricane, on a trip to set up a national office in New York City.
==Early life and education==
James E. Birch was born in South Carolina. Not much is known of his early life, but it is thought that he was poor and went to New York before making his way to Providence, Rhode Island in 1847, where he worked in a livery stable. About the same time, James Birch formed a friendship with Frank Shaw Stevens, a young man who had come to Providence from his native Vermont. Birch met and became engaged to Julia Ann Briggs Chace of Swansea, Massachusetts; she was the half-sister of his employer Otis Kelton.
Birch was a stagecoach driver in Providence. His fiancée had ambitions to live in a mansion in her native Swansea, and to enjoy the finer things of life. As an enterprising 21-year-old, Birch decided to join the California Gold Rush. On December 23, 1848, Birch sailed for California on the steamship ''SS Crescent City,'' along with more than 100 others to the Pacific Coast.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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